Week 12 · Lesson 12.3

Foundation · Classical (Biblical)

Classical · Biblical Hebrew

Finish the weak-verb system (hollow verbs, III-He, doubly weak) and put it all together reading continuous Biblical prose.

Ch. 23Pe Yodh, Pe Waw; Ayin Yodh, Ayin WawCh. 24Double Ayin, Lamedh He, and Doubly Weak Verbs
Core concepts · 6
  • Pe Yodh / Pe Waw: the original waw resurfaces in Hiph'il (הוֹשִׁיב from יָשַׁב); imperfects like יֵשֵׁב, יֵדַע.
  • Ayin Waw / Ayin Yodh ('hollow' verbs): the middle vowel-letter drops in the perfect (קָם, שָׂם); imperfect יָקוּם, יָשִׂים; waw-consecutive וַיָּקָם.
  • Double Ayin (geminate): identical 2nd/3rd radicals collapse (סָבַב→סַב); daghesh forte marks the doubling when endings are added.
  • Lamedh He verbs originally ended in י/ו; 3ms perfect ends in ־ָה (גָּלָה), every imperfect in ־ֶה, and the jussive apocopates (יִגֶל).
  • Doubly weak verbs (נָשָׂא, יָצָא, בּוֹא) combine two weaknesses; defective verbs borrow forms (הָלַךְ, נָתַן).
  • With this, the waw-consecutive narrative of Genesis 1 and 1 Kings 17 reads cleanly.

Vocabulary & signs · tap a word to hear, expand for how to say it

to arise (hollow); וַיָּקָם 'and he arose'
say: qûm
to come (hollow, doubly weak)
say: bôʾ
he placed (hollow)
say: śām
to turn (double Ayin)
say: sābhabh
to uncover / go into exile (Lamedh He)
say: gālâ
to go (defective)
say: hālakh

Exercises · answer in the app

Exercise 1 / 6

What does this mean?

Bridge to this week

Sprint Weeks 11–12 push you into unscaffolded native text; Harrison's capstone is the same leap on the Biblical side — once the hollow, geminate and III-He verbs are automatic, the waw-consecutive prose of Genesis 1 flows.

Teach Yourself Hebrew — R. K. Harrison (E.U.P.)


Pass this quick check to complete the lesson.

Quick check · 1 / 4